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Bifid ribs observed in the third and the fourth ribs
T Osawa1, T Sasaki, Y Matsumoto
1Department of Oral Anatomy 1, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, Japan.
Kaibogaku Zasshi. Journal of Anatomy
|February 17, 1999
Summary
Three cases of bifid ribs, a rare anatomical variation, were identified in the third or fourth ribs. These ribs bifurcated distally, with each branch possessing its own costal cartilage before rejoining the sternum.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Morphology
- Human Osteology
Background:
- Anatomical variations in the rib cage are infrequent.
- Routine cadaveric dissections provide opportunities to document such anomalies.
- Understanding rib morphology is crucial for thoracic imaging and surgical procedures.
Observation:
- Three instances of bifid ribs were discovered in two cadavers during dissections.
- All observed bifid ribs were located in the third or fourth thoracic vertebral levels.
- The distal osseous portion of the ribs bifurcated at approximately 60 degrees.
Findings:
- Each branch of the bifid rib possessed its own costal cartilage, which subsequently fused.
- The bifurcation space was occupied by typical intercostal muscles.
- Vascular supply originated from the interthoracic artery, while intercostal nerves primarily supplied the lower branch.
Implications:
- This finding contributes to the limited literature on bifid rib prevalence and morphology.
- Awareness of this anatomical variation is important for accurate interpretation of chest imaging.
- Variations in neurovascular supply to bifid ribs may have clinical relevance in thoracic interventions.