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Iodine induced thyroid disease

D K Weaver, R H Nishiyama, J G Batsakis

    Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science
    |November 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Iodine, while preventing goiter, can paradoxically cause thyroid enlargement and other issues in susceptible individuals. Research indicates iodine

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Thyroidology
    • Environmental Health

    Background:

    • Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis and preventing goiter.
    • Despite adequate iodine intake, thyroid disorders like goiter persist in some populations.
    • Iodine's role in thyroid health is complex and can have adverse effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the adverse effects of iodine on thyroid function and gland health.
    • To explore the mechanisms by which iodine may induce goiter and thyroiditis.
    • To analyze the impact of iodine on susceptible individuals and populations.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of clinical observations and experimental studies on iodine's effects on the thyroid.
    • Analysis of thyroid pathology in relation to iodine intake and prophylaxis.

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  • Comparison of thyroid conditions in iodine-sufficient versus iodine-deficient areas.

    • Main Results:

    • Iodine can inhibit iodine binding, leading to goiter in susceptible individuals (e.g., asthmatics, neonates).
    • Iodine can precipitate myxedema in treated Graves' and Hashimoto's diseases.
    • Iodine can induce thyrotoxicosis in euthyroid individuals with autonomous thyroid tissue.
    • Iodine exposure is linked to increased incidence of chronic thyroiditis and lymphocyte infiltration.

    Conclusions:

    • Iodine's role in thyroid health extends beyond prevention of deficiency disorders.
    • Iodine can trigger or exacerbate various thyroid conditions, including goiter, myxedema, and thyrotoxicosis.
    • Evidence suggests iodine contributes to the development of chronic thyroiditis, particularly in susceptible individuals.