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Sweat gland adenoma with predominant myoepithelial differentiated features: case report and immunohistochemical study
1Department of Dermatology, Urumqi Railway Central Hospital, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
Insights
This study details a rare biphasic tumor near the sternoclavicular joint, characterized by myoepithelial and epithelial cells. Immunohistochemistry proved crucial for diagnosing this unique soft tissue neoplasm.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Subcutaneous masses near the sternoclavicular joint are uncommon.
- Distinguishing between various biphasic tumors requires precise diagnostic tools.
Observation:
- A 56-year-old male presented with a subcutaneous mass adjacent to the sternoclavicular joint.
- Microscopic examination revealed spindle-shaped myoepithelial cells and tubular/trabecular epithelial cells.
Findings:
- Immunohistochemistry showed myoepithelial cells positive for muscle-specific actin and vimentin, negative for S-100 and keratin.
- Epithelial cells were positive for keratin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).
- The tumor exhibited potential for biphasic differentiation.
Implications:
- This rare tumor requires differentiation from other biphasic or mixed tumors in the sternoclavicular region.
- Immunohistochemical staining is essential for accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this neoplasm.
Abstract:
A 56-year-old man presented with a subcutaneous mass adjacent to the sternoclavicular joint region, which had predominant spindle-shaped myoepithelial cells and a small number of tubular or trabecular epithelial cells that resembled eccrine differentiation under a light microscope. Immunohistochemical studies showed positive staining for muscle-specific actin and vimentin in the myoepithelial cells, but staining was negative for S-100 protein and keratin. The tubular and trabecular epithelial cells stained positively for keratin, EMA and CEA. We believe that this rare tumor had the potential for biphasic differentiation and should be differentiated from other biphasic differentiated or mixed tumors in this site. Immunohistochemical staining was useful for diagnosis and differential diagnosis.