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[Immunophenotyping of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Mexican children]
R Paredes-Aguilera1, L Romero-Guzmán, N López-Santiago
1Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Servicio de Hematología, México, México.
Insights
This study analyzed lymphoblastic leukaemia subtypes in Mexican children, finding common subtypes similar to Caucasian populations. Age and sex distributions align with global data, aiding in understanding childhood leukaemia epidemiology.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Immunology
- Hematology
Context:
- Childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is a significant health concern globally.
- Understanding immunophenotypic subtypes is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment strategies.
- Epidemiological data on ALL subtypes in diverse populations, like Mexico, are essential for comparative analysis.
Purpose:
- To determine the frequency of different immunologic subtypes of lymphoblastic leukaemia in Mexican children.
- To analyze the immunophenotype of leukaemic cells in a cohort of pediatric ALL patients.
- To assess the distribution of ALL subtypes based on age and sex.
Summary:
- A prospective study analyzed 402 Mexican children with lymphoblastic leukaemia between 1987 and 1995.
- Five major immunologic subtypes were identified: null-ALL (5%), early pre-B (7.5%), common (74.6%), B-cell (3.5%), and T-cell (9.4%).
- Age-related differences were observed, with a predominance of B-cell precursor CD10- ALL in infants and CD10+ B-cells in older children. Male predominance for B and T-cell ALL was not confirmed.
Impact:
- The findings indicate that the immunologic subtype distribution in Mexican children with ALL closely resembles that of Caucasian populations worldwide.
- This study contributes valuable epidemiological data on pediatric ALL in a Latin American population.
- Results support the standardization of immunophenotyping for ALL diagnosis and classification across different ethnic groups.
Purpose:
To analyse the immunophenotype of leukaemic cells in a group of children diagnosed of lymphoblastic leukaemia in order to assess the frequency of the different immunologic subtypes.
Patients And Methods:
In the period comprised between APR 1987 and MAR 1995, 402 Mexican children were studied in a prospective way. Conventional immunological markers were used, either associated to or specific for B, T, myelo-monocytic or megakaryocytic-platelet cell populations.
Results:
Five major immunologic subtypes were disclosed, showing a series of specific surface markers: null-ALL, 5%; early pre-B, 7.5%; common, 74.6%; B-cell, 3.5%, and T-cell, 9.4%. A net predominance of B-cell precursor CD10- ALL was found in children under one year of age, and of CD10+ B-cells beyond that age. Although there was only slight predominance of male sex, the prevalence of B and TALL in males was not confirmed.
Conclusions:
These results show that the incidence of the different immunologic subtypes of lymphoblastic leukaemias and their distribution according to age and sex are closely similar to those reported among Caucasians in other parts of the world.
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