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CD10 positive thyroid marginal zone non-Hodgkin lymphoma

E K Millar1, S Waldron, A Spencer

  • 1Department of Anatomical Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Region Mail Centre, Lambton, Australia. emillar@doh.health.nsw.gov.au

Journal of Clinical Pathology
|February 26, 2000
PubMed

Insights

A rare case of marginal zone lymphoma in the thyroid gland was diagnosed in a 72-year-old woman. This lymphoma aberrantly expressed CD10, a marker typically seen in follicle center cell lymphomas.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Thyroid lymphomas are rare, with extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (EMZL) being the most common type.
  • Follicle center cell lymphoma (FCCL) is typically associated with CD10 expression, aiding in its diagnosis.
  • Marginal zone lymphomas (MZLs) are a heterogeneous group of B-cell neoplasms characterized by their origin from marginal zone B cells.

Observation:

  • A 72-year-old woman presented with a swollen right thyroid lobe.
  • Fine needle aspiration and flow cytometry revealed a clonal B-cell population expressing CD10.
  • Histological examination of the excised thyroid confirmed marginal zone non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Findings:

  • The lymphoma exhibited aberrant CD10 positivity and LN1 (CDw75) expression.
  • Polymerase chain reaction excluded the common t(14;18) translocation associated with some lymphomas.
  • This case represents the second reported instance of CD10 aberrant expression in marginal zone lymphoma.

Implications:

  • Aberrant CD10 expression in marginal zone lymphoma can complicate differential diagnosis, potentially mimicking follicle center cell lymphoma.
  • Accurate diagnosis relies on a combination of flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and molecular studies.
  • Understanding unusual immunophenotypes in lymphomas is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate patient management.

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