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Hypercalcemia and T-cell lymphoma with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: occurrence without human T-cell leukemia

S Kottilil1, R Fram, K Cortez

  • 1Department of Medicine, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, Pawtucket, USA.

Southern Medical Journal
|September 27, 2000
PubMed

Insights

This case study reports on an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patient with T-cell anaplastic large cell lymphoma, hypercalcemia, and negative human T-cell leukemia virus-I (HTLV-I) serology.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic condition affecting the immune system.
  • Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Human T-cell leukemia virus-I (HTLV-I) is associated with certain lymphomas and leukemia.

Observation:

  • A patient diagnosed with AIDS presented with a low CD4 cell count (60/microL).
  • The patient exhibited bilateral hilar adenopathy and hypercalcemia.
  • Transbronchial biopsy confirmed T-cell anaplastic large cell lymphoma.

Findings:

  • The patient's serology for human T-cell leukemia virus-I (HTLV-I) was negative.
  • This represents a unique presentation of T-cell ALCL in an AIDS patient with hypercalcemia and no HTLV-I infection.

Implications:

  • This case expands the understanding of lymphoma presentations in immunocompromised individuals.
  • It highlights the importance of considering non-HTLV-I-associated T-cell lymphomas in AIDS patients with hypercalcemia.
  • Further research may be needed to elucidate the pathogenesis of ALCL in the context of AIDS.

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