Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 8, 2026

Prediction of HIV-1 Coreceptor Usage (Tropism) by Sequence Analysis using a Genotypic Approach
07:06

Prediction of HIV-1 Coreceptor Usage (Tropism) by Sequence Analysis using a Genotypic Approach

Published on: December 1, 2011

A transmembrane CXC chemokine is a ligand for HIV-coreceptor Bonzo

M Matloubian1, A David, S Engel

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.

Nature Immunology
|March 23, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Researchers identified CXCL16, a chemokine produced by dendritic cells, which binds to T cells and guides their movement. This protein plays a role in immune cell interactions and trafficking within lymphoid organs and beyond.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chemokines are crucial for immune cell communication and trafficking.
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in initiating immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize a novel chemokine, CXCL16, and its receptor.
  • To elucidate the function of CXCL16 in T cell interactions and migration.

Main Methods:

  • Expression cloning was used to identify the CXCL16 receptor.
  • Analysis of protein expression in various tissues.
  • Chemotaxis assays with different T cell subsets.

Main Results:

  • CXCL16 is a transmembrane chemokine produced by dendritic cells and splenic red pulp cells.
  • CXCL16 binds to naive CD8 T cells, natural killer T cells, and a subset of memory CD4 T cells.
  • Bonzo (STRL33/TYMSTR) was identified as the receptor for CXCL16.
  • Activated T cells showed chemotaxis towards soluble CXCL16.
  • CXCL16 is present in the thymus and non-lymphoid tissues.

Conclusions:

  • CXCL16 facilitates interactions between dendritic cells and CD8 T cells.
  • CXCL16 influences T cell migration in the spleen and potentially in other tissues.
  • CXCL16 may be involved in thymocyte development and effector T cell trafficking.

More Related Videos

A Kinetic Fluorescence-based Ca2+ Mobilization Assay to Identify G Protein-coupled Receptor Agonists, Antagonists, and Allosteric Modulators07:41

A Kinetic Fluorescence-based Ca2+ Mobilization Assay to Identify G Protein-coupled Receptor Agonists, Antagonists, and Allosteric Modulators

Published on: February 20, 2018

A Flow Cytometry-based Assay to Identify Compounds That Disrupt Binding of Fluorescently-labeled CXC Chemokine Ligand 12 to CXC Chemokine Receptor 406:56

A Flow Cytometry-based Assay to Identify Compounds That Disrupt Binding of Fluorescently-labeled CXC Chemokine Ligand 12 to CXC Chemokine Receptor 4

Published on: March 10, 2018

Related Concept Videos

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:38

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Overview
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
G Protein-coupled Receptors01:15

G Protein-coupled Receptors

G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...