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Published on: February 8, 2016
Immunophenotyping
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1508, USA.
Insights
Multiparameter flow cytometry immunophenotyping aids in diagnosing nonmalignant conditions by counting lymphocytes and identifying cell markers. This technique is crucial for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) monitoring and immune system disorder assessment.
Area of Science:
- Clinical immunology
- Flow cytometry applications
- Cellular analysis
Background:
- Immunophenotyping uses multiparameter flow cytometry to analyze leukocytes in nonmalignant conditions.
- It involves counting lymphocyte populations and evaluating cell surface markers.
Purpose of the Study:
- Focuses on clinical applications of immunophenotyping.
- Highlights its role in CD4 T-cell counts and activation markers for HIV infection.
- Addresses characterization of primary immunodeficiency and immune-mediated diseases.
- Examines immune reconstitution after stem cell transplantation (SCT).
Main Methods:
- Utilizes multiparameter flow cytometry.
- Employs techniques for enumerating specific lymphocyte populations.
- Evaluates cell surface markers for diagnostic purposes.
Main Results:
- Demonstrates the utility of immunophenotyping in various nonmalignant hematologic and immunologic conditions.
- Shows advancements in flow cytometry, including quantitative methods and single-platform technology.
- Contributes to a deeper understanding of immunologic disorders.
Conclusions:
- Immunophenotyping is a powerful tool for diagnosing and monitoring nonmalignant conditions.
- Its applications are vital in managing HIV, primary immunodeficiencies, and immune reconstitution post-SCT.
- Ongoing developments in flow cytometry enhance its clinical utility.
Abstract:
Immunophenotyping of leukocytes for nonmalignant conditions uses the power of multiparameter flow cytometry to count specific lymphocyte populations and evaluate the presence or absence of particular cell surface markers. Its main clinical indications, and the focus of this chapter, are enumeration of CD4 T-cell counts and activation markers on T cells in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, immunophenotypic characterization of primary immunodeficiency disorders and immune-mediated diseases, and the study of immune reconstitution following stem cell transplantation (SCT). Immunophenotyping has advanced our understanding of many immunologic disorders, which in turn have stimulated new developments in the field of flow cytometry, such as quantitative flow cytometry and single-platform technology. Semin Hematol 38:100-110. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use.
