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Periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges in influenza B-associated encephalopathy

A Kurita1, H Furushima, H Yamada

  • 1Department of Neurology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|August 24, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Influenza B infection can cause severe neurological symptoms like coma and seizures, mimicking herpes simplex encephalitis. Early diagnosis is crucial for managing this rare but serious influenza-associated encephalopathy.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Influenza-associated encephalopathy (IAE) is a rare neurological complication of influenza virus infection.
  • Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a common cause of acute viral encephalitis, often presenting with similar neurological symptoms.

Observation:

  • An 18-year-old woman presented with coma, hemicomvulsions, and transient periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs).
  • Serological tests confirmed influenza B infection.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid PCR for herpes simplex virus DNA was negative.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging revealed abnormal signal intensity in the temporal lobe ipsilateral to the PLEDs.

Findings:

  • The patient's presentation mimicked herpes simplex encephalitis.
  • Influenza B infection was identified as the causative agent for the encephalopathy.
  • Periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) were observed in conjunction with influenza-associated encephalopathy.

Implications:

  • IAE should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute encephalitis, especially during influenza season.
  • Distinguishing IAE from HSE is critical for appropriate treatment and patient management.
  • This case highlights the diverse neurological manifestations of influenza B and the importance of comprehensive diagnostic workup.

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