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[Detection of antigen-binding lymphocytes in the diagnosis of tuberculosis]

N A Gnusareva, R B Duĭsenova, B V Karal'nik

    Problemy Tuberkuleza
    |October 9, 2001
    PubMed

    Insights

    Detecting antigen-binding lymphocytes (ABL) using a novel red blood cell reagent proved 100% effective in diagnosing active tuberculosis. This method surpassed traditional tests, offering a superior diagnostic approach for tuberculosis detection.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Diagnostic Medicine

    Background:

    • Active tuberculosis diagnosis relies on various methods, each with limitations.
    • Tuberculin-receptor lymphocytes, or antigen-binding lymphocytes (ABL), play a role in the immune response to tuberculosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of detecting antigen-binding lymphocytes (ABL) for active tuberculosis.
    • To compare the ABL test with conventional diagnostic methods for tuberculosis.

    Main Methods:

    • An indirect rosette-formation test using a specific red blood cell reagent was employed to detect ABL.
    • The study included patients with tuberculosis (pulmonary and extrapulmonary), lobular pneumonia, and healthy controls.

    Main Results:

    • The antigen-binding lymphocyte (ABL) test achieved 100% positive results in tuberculosis patients.
    • Conventional methods showed lower positive rates: fluography (84%), smear microscopy (40%), bacteriology (50%), and leukocytic migration inhibition (39%).
    • All control groups tested negative for ABL.

    Conclusions:

    • Detection of antigen-binding lymphocytes (ABL) is a highly sensitive and specific method for diagnosing active tuberculosis.
    • The ABL test is the method of choice for tuberculosis diagnosis, outperforming established techniques.

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