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HLA class I expression in primary hepatocellular carcinoma
Jian Huang1, Mei-Ying Cai, Da-Peng Wei
1Bioinfo Tech Incorporated Company, 10F Zhuangsen No.8 Dongsheng Street, Chengdu 610015, Sichuan Province,China. huangjian@bioinfochina.com
Insights
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells strongly express Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I antigens. This suggests that CTL vaccine therapy is a suitable and practical approach for treating HCC.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer.
- Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I antigens play a role in immune responses.
- Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) vaccine therapy is an emerging cancer treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the expression of HLA class I antigens in HCC.
- To determine the suitability of CTL vaccine therapy for HCC based on HLA class I antigen expression.
Main Methods:
- Immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry (LSAB method) were used to analyze 4 HCC cell lines and 6 HCC tissue specimens.
- Flow cytometry and image analysis quantified HLA class I antigen expression.
- Raji (positive control) and K562 (negative control) cell lines were used for comparison.
Main Results:
- HCC cell lines and HCC tissues exhibited strong positive staining for HLA class I antigens.
- Normal hepatocytes showed weak or no staining, while liver sinus staining was strong.
- Flow cytometry and image analysis confirmed significant HLA class I antigen expression in HCC cells compared to K562 cells (P<0.01).
Conclusions:
- HCC cells demonstrate robust expression of HLA class I antigens.
- The findings support the suitability and practicality of CTL vaccine therapy for HCC treatment.
Aim:
To investigate whether CTL vaccine therapy is suitable for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from the viewpoint of HLA class I antigens expression.
Methods:
The immunocytochemistry, image analysis, flow cytometry, and labeled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method of immunohistochemistry were applied respectively to study 4 HCC cell lines (e.g. Alexander, HepG2, SMMC-7721, and QGY-7703) cultured in vitro and 6 frozen tissue specimens of HCC.
Results:
The positive control cell line Raji had very strong positive staining. Most mitotic and nonmitotic cells of the 4 HCC cell lines had various intensity of HLA class I antigens expression. The negative control cell K562 and the control slides of all the cell lines had no positive staining. In the 6 HCC specimens immunohistochemically studied, histological normal hepatocytes had no or very weak positive staining and the liver sinus had very strong positive staining. Most HCC cells in the sections from the 6 HCC specimens had strong positive HLA classIantigens staining. The positive staining was located in the cytoplasm, the perinuclear area, and at the cell membrane of the liver cancer cells. Flow cytometry also revealed that Raji and those 4 HCC cell lines had strong HLA classIantigens expression, which was confirmed quantitatively by the image analysis. It showed that the objective grayscale values of Raji and those 4 HCC cell lines were significantly different from that of K562 (Raji 114.04+/-10.94, Alexander 165.97+/-5.35, HepG2 167.02+/-12.60, QGY-7703 161.46+/-7.13, SMMC-7721 165.93+/-5.21, K562 244.89+/-4.60, P<0.01). Significant differences were also found between Raji and the 4 HCC cell lines.
Conclusion:
HCC cells express HLA class I antigens strongly. From this point of view, the active specific immunotherapy of CTL vaccine is suitable and practicable for HCC.