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Increased proliferation within T lymphocyte subsets of HIV-infected adolescents

Stuart E Starr1, Moussa Sarr, Donald E Campbell

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4318, USA.

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
|December 19, 2002
PubMed

Insights

HIV infection in adolescents increases T cell proliferation, particularly in CD8 naive cells, indicating robust immune responses. However, CD4 naive cell proliferation is limited, suggesting impaired regeneration in HIV-infected youth.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Adolescent Health

Background:

  • HIV infection significantly impacts T lymphocyte subsets.
  • Understanding T cell dynamics in HIV-infected adolescents is crucial for managing the disease.
  • Ki-67 is a reliable marker for assessing cell proliferation during the cell cycle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify proliferation in T lymphocyte subsets of HIV-infected adolescents.
  • To compare proliferation rates between HIV-infected and uninfected adolescents.
  • To investigate the relationship between proliferation, T cell activation markers, and subset counts.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of Ki-67 expression in CD4 and CD8 naive and memory T cell subsets.
  • Comparison of Ki-67 positive cell percentages and counts between HIV-infected adolescents and controls.
  • Correlation analysis of Ki-67 expression with CD4 counts and activation markers (CD38, HLA-DR).

Main Results:

  • HIV-infected adolescents showed significantly higher proliferation in all tested T cell subsets compared to controls.
  • CD8 naive cells exhibited the greatest increase in proliferation rate and number in HIV-infected adolescents.
  • CD4 naive cells had low proliferation and counts, suggesting limited regeneration, while CD4 and CD8 memory cell proliferation correlated with activation markers.

Conclusions:

  • HIV infection is associated with increased proliferation in both naive and memory T cell subsets in adolescents.
  • Adolescents demonstrate a potentially greater capacity for CD8 naive cell regeneration compared to adults.
  • Limited CD4 naive cell proliferation and low cell counts in HIV-infected adolescents may indicate impaired regeneration and contribute to subset depletion.

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