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Malignant histiocytosis in a domestic cat: cytomorphologic and immunohistochemical features

R. M. Walton1, D. E. Brown, M. J. Burkhard

  • 1Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado Sate University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.

Veterinary Clinical Pathology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed

Insights

Malignant histiocytosis (MH) in cats is characterized by atypical cells in masses and fluid. This study details MH diagnosis in a feline patient, highlighting its importance in differential diagnoses for proliferative disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Oncology
  • Immunohistochemistry

Background:

  • Malignant histiocytosis (MH) is a rare neoplastic disorder.
  • Diagnosis in felines often relies on histopathology and cytology.
  • Understanding MH is crucial for feline cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize malignant histiocytosis in a feline patient.
  • To provide diagnostic criteria for feline MH.
  • To emphasize MH as a differential diagnosis for discrete cell proliferative disorders in cats.

Main Methods:

  • Light microscopy and immunohistochemistry were used for diagnosis.
  • Analysis of thoracic fluid, mediastinal, and splenic masses.
  • Evaluation of cellular morphology, atypia, and specific antigenic markers (Mac387, lysozyme).

Main Results:

  • A 13-year-old cat was diagnosed with MH.
  • Cytology and histology revealed pleomorphic, atypical large discrete cells with erythrophagia and leucocytophagia.
  • Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for Mac387 and lysozyme.

Conclusions:

  • This case report characterizes feline malignant histiocytosis.
  • MH should be considered in the differential diagnosis of feline proliferative disorders.
  • Definitive diagnosis requires integrated light microscopic and immunohistochemical findings.

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