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[Neutrophilic and lymphocytic factors of an immune response in renal tuberculosis]

R K Iagafarova, E I Potapenko, R I Shenderova

    Problemy Tuberkuleza I Boleznei Legkikh
    |December 13, 2003
    PubMed

    Insights

    Nephrotuberculosis patients show high immune cell activity and elevated Interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels, correlating with fewer activated lymphocytes. Antitubercular therapy only partially restores immune balance.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Nephrology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Nephrotuberculosis is a severe form of tuberculosis affecting the kidneys.
    • Understanding the immune response in nephrotuberculosis is crucial for effective treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the immune status of patients with active nephrotuberculosis.
    • To explore the correlation between specific immune markers and disease activity.
    • To assess the impact of antitubercular therapy on immunological parameters.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessed functional activity of neutrophilic granulocytes using lysosomal cation tests, myeloperoxidase, and lactoferrin levels.
    • Studied lymphocyte subpopulations and serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-2 (IL-2).
    • Analyzed IL-2 in combination with its soluble receptor (SR-2) in serum and stimulated cellular cultures (phytohemagglutinin and PPD).

    Main Results:

    • Patients exhibited high functional activity of neutrophilic granulocytes.
    • Elevated serum concentrations of IL-2 and TNF-alpha correlated with decreased activated lymphocytes (CD25+).
    • Antitubercular therapy led to partial normalization of immunological parameters, not full recovery.

    Conclusions:

    • High IL-2 and TNF-alpha levels are associated with reduced activated lymphocyte populations in active nephrotuberculosis.
    • Immune dysregulation persists even after clinical remission, indicating a need for further therapeutic strategies.

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