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Avidity-based Extracellular Interaction Screening (AVEXIS) for the Scalable Detection of Low-affinity Extracellular Receptor-Ligand Interactions
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ICAM-1: targeted docking for exogenous as well as endogenous ligands

Ann M Hopkins1, Alan W Baird, Asma Nusrat

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|April 6, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) regulates leukocyte trafficking. Novel epithelial ICAM-1 roles in pathogen invasion and host defense are explored, highlighting its function as a docking structure.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), an immunoglobulin superfamily protein, is crucial for leukocyte trafficking.
  • ICAM-1 traditionally mediates leukocyte migration across endothelial barriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the established role of ICAM-1 in leukocyte trafficking.
  • To explore novel aspects of epithelial ICAM-1 expression and its implications for host defense and pathogen invasion.
  • To discuss signaling pathways and pathogen interactions with ICAM-1 and other immunoglobulin superfamily members.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ICAM-1 function in endothelial and epithelial barriers.
  • Analysis of signaling mechanisms involving the F-actin cytoskeleton.
  • Examination of pathogen interactions with cell adhesion molecules.

Main Results:

  • ICAM-1 plays a key role in leukocyte trafficking across endothelium.
  • Epithelial ICAM-1 expression is induced on apical surfaces, influencing pathogen invasion and host defense.
  • Pathogens may utilize ICAM-1 and other immunoglobulin superfamily proteins as docking structures.

Conclusions:

  • ICAM-1 has diverse roles beyond traditional leukocyte trafficking, including epithelial defense.
  • Understanding ICAM-1's interactions is vital for developing strategies against pathogen invasion.
  • Cell adhesion proteins represent potential targets for pathogen adherence and entry.

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