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Expression of adhesion molecules on milk and blood lymphocytes from periparturient dairy cattle with Johne's disease

James A Harp1, Judith R Stabel, Bruce A Pesch

  • 1Periparturient Diseases of Cattle Research Unit, Ames, IA 50010, USA. jharp@nadc.ars.usda.gov

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
|May 7, 2004
PubMed

Insights

In dairy cows with Johne's disease, CD8+ T cells and adhesion molecules were significantly higher in milk than blood post-calving. This suggests immune cells migrate to the mammary gland during infection.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Immunology
  • Bovine Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Johne's disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), affects dairy cows.
  • Immune responses in the mammary gland during MAP infection are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate lymphocyte subsets and adhesion molecule expression in blood and milk of MAP-infected dairy cows.
  • To determine if immune cell populations differ between blood and milk post-parturition.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze T cell subsets (CD4+, CD8+, gammadelta+) and adhesion molecules (CD62L, LFA-1, LPAM-1, CD44).
  • Samples were collected from twelve infected dairy cows at parturition and up to 21 days post-partum.

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher percentages of CD8+ T cells were found in milk compared to blood at all time points.
  • Expression of CD62L, LFA-1, and LPAM-1 was significantly higher on T cells in milk than in blood post-parturition.
  • No significant differences in CD44 expression were observed between blood and milk.

Conclusions:

  • Increased T lymphocytes expressing adhesion molecules in milk suggest selective recruitment of migratory cells to the mammary gland.
  • These findings provide insights into the immune cell dynamics in the mammary gland during Johne's disease.

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