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Increased frequency of CD27- (naive) B cells and their phenotypic alteration in HIV type 1-infected patients

Yong Chong1, Hideyuki Ikematsu, Masahiro Yamamoto

  • 1Department of General Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
|July 10, 2004
PubMed

Insights

HIV-1 infection increases naive (CD27-) B cells, making them more susceptible to apoptosis. These changes may persist even after effective antiviral therapy, impacting B cell function.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is associated with immune dysregulation.
  • B cell disorders are recognized complications of HIV-1 infection.
  • Peripheral CD27- B cells are considered naive B cells and their role in HIV-1 pathogenesis requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of HIV-1 infection on peripheral CD27- (naive) B cells.
  • To analyze phenotypic characteristics and apoptosis susceptibility of CD27- B cells in HIV-1-infected individuals.
  • To determine if these alterations persist after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze peripheral blood samples.
  • Quantification of CD27- B cells and their expression of CD38, CD95, and bcl-2.
  • Assessment of apoptosis susceptibility using annexin-V binding and cell size measurements.
  • Study included drug-naive HIV-1 patients, HAART-treated HIV-1 patients, and uninfected controls.

Main Results:

  • HIV-1 infection significantly increases the percentage of CD27- B cells in both drug-naive and HAART-treated patients compared to controls.
  • CD27- B cells in drug-naive patients exhibit higher CD38 and CD95 expression and lower bcl-2 expression than controls.
  • CD27- B cells in drug-naive patients show increased susceptibility to apoptosis, with some phenotypic alterations potentially persisting after HAART.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-1 infection profoundly affects peripheral CD27- (naive) B cells.
  • Naive B cells may become activated and highly susceptible to apoptosis during HIV-1 infection.
  • Phenotypic changes in naive B cells may persist despite viral load reduction through antiviral therapy.

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