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Updated: Aug 21, 2026
Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining, Imaging, and Analysis in Histological Samples of Lymphoma
Published on: January 9, 2019
[Immunophaenotyping in the diagnosis of lymphoma]
1Abteilung Hämatologie, Departement Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Zürich. pietro.peghini@usz.ch
Insights
Immunologic detection of disease markers is crucial for lymphoma diagnosis, aiding classification. Flow cytometry offers advantages over immunohistochemistry for simultaneous antigen analysis, improving accuracy.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Immunologic detection of disease markers is increasingly vital for accurate lymphoma diagnosis.
- Immunophenotypic findings are now integrated into the latest World Health Organization (WHO) classification systems.
- Conventional immunohistochemistry has limitations in analyzing multiple cellular markers simultaneously.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of immunologic methods in lymphoma diagnosis.
- To explain the advantages of flow cytometry in immunophenotypic analysis.
- To emphasize the role of flow cytometry in classifying lymphoproliferative diseases.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry for simultaneous demonstration of multiple antigens on single cells.
- Immunohistochemistry as a comparative method.
- Morphologic, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic analyses.
Main Results:
- Flow cytometry enables reliable lineage determination and clonality assessment.
- Immunophenotypic data aids in the classification of lymphoproliferative disorders.
- Simultaneous antigen detection offers enhanced diagnostic information compared to conventional methods.
Conclusions:
- Flow cytometry is a powerful tool for lymphoma diagnosis and classification.
- Accurate diagnosis requires integrating morphologic, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic data.
- The new WHO classification benefits from advanced immunophenotypic analyses provided by techniques like flow cytometry.
Abstract:
The detection of specific disease markers by immunologic methods is becoming more and more important in lymphoma diagnosis. This has led to the incorporation of immunophaenotypic findings into the new WHO-classification. In comparison with conventional immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry bears the advantage of simultaneous demonstration of several antigens on the same cell. The information obtained allows reliable lineage determination, often demonstration of clonality and it helps in classifying lymphoproliferative diseases. It must be stressed, that also with the new classification, correct diagnoses can only be obtained by a synthesis of morphologic, immunophaenotypic and in certain cases cytogenetic findings.
