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[Sensitivity and specificity analysis of the lineage related antibodies in acute leukemia immunophenotyping by flow
Bao-Guo Chen1, Li Zhang, Bo-Li Li
1Central Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Taizhou 317000, China. baoguochen@126.com
Insights
This study assessed lineage-related antibodies for acute leukemia immunophenotyping. CD117 and CD79a/CD22 showed high sensitivity and specificity for AML and B-lineage ALL, respectively.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Immunology
- Clinical Pathology
Background:
- Accurate immunophenotyping is crucial for diagnosing acute leukemia.
- Flow cytometry (FCM) relies on lineage-related antibodies for cell identification.
- Evaluating the diagnostic utility of these antibodies is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the sensitivity and specificity of various lineage-related antibodies used in acute leukemia immunophenotyping by FCM.
- To compare the diagnostic performance of different antibodies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and B-lineage and T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Main Methods:
- Immunophenotyping was performed on 184 acute leukemia patients using FCM.
- Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for multiple lineage-related antibodies, including CD13, CD33, MPO, CD117, CD14, CD15, CD19, CD79a, CD22, CD10, CD20, CD3, CD7, CD5, CD2, and CD1a.
Main Results:
- For AML, CD117 demonstrated high sensitivity (88.2%) and specificity (100%). CD13 and CD33 had high sensitivity but lower specificity. MPO showed low sensitivity but high specificity.
- In B-lineage ALL, CD79a and CD22 exhibited high sensitivity and specificity (≥96.4% and 100%, respectively). CD19 had high sensitivity but lower specificity.
- For T-lineage ALL, CD3 had high specificity (97.5%) but lower sensitivity (80.0%), while CD7 showed high sensitivity (100%) but lower specificity (77.9%). CD5, CD2, and CD1a had deficient sensitivity and specificity.
Conclusions:
- The sensitivity and specificity of lineage-related antibodies in acute leukemia immunophenotyping align with established projects.
- CD117 may be superior to MPO for AML diagnosis.
- CD79a and CD22 are both highly effective for B-lineage ALL diagnosis, offering flexibility in selection.
Abstract:
To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity analysis of the lineage related antibodies in acute leukemia immunophenotyping by flow cytometry (FCM), immunophenotyping in 184 patients with acute leukemia was performed by FCM analysis. The results showed that in the lineage-related antibodies of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), the sensitivity of CD13 and CD33 was higher (95.5% and 91.2%, respectively), the specificity of them was deficient (72.5% and 62.2%, respectively); the sensitivity of MPO was low (69.1%), but the specificity was high (100%); the sensitivity and specificity of CD117 were high (88.2% and 100%, respectively); the sensitivity of CD14 and CD15 was low (18.4% and 27.2%, respectively); the specificity of CD14 with monocytes was high. As the lineage-related antibodies of B-lineage ALL were concerned, CD19 showed high sensitivity and low specificity (100% vs 83.4%); the sensitivity and specificity of CD79a (96.4% vs 100%) and CD22 (100% vs 100%) were high; the sensitivity and specificity of CD10 (53.6% vs 82.5%) and CD20 (70.4% vs 87.5%) were low. In T-lineage ALL, the specificity of CD3 was high (97.5%), but the sensitivity was below the mark (80.0%); the sensitivity of CD7 was high (100%), but the specificity was low (77.9%); while the sensitivity and specificity of CD5, CD2 and CD1a were all deficient. In conclusion, the sensitivity and specificity analysis of the lineage-related antibodies in acute leukemia immunophenotyping are coincident with St Jude immunophenotyping project. It seems only that CD117 is superior to MPO in defining AML, but the sensitivity and specificity analysis of CD22 and CD79 are similar in defining B-lineage ALL, therefore, anyone of them may be selected as your need.
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