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Human pharmacokinetics of iodixanol

M G Svaland1, T Haider, K Langseth-Manrique

  • 1Department of Bioanalysis, Nycomed AS, Oslo, Norway.

Investigative Radiology
|February 1, 1992
PubMed

Insights

This study investigated iodinated contrast media pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers. Iodixanol demonstrated predictable excretion, primarily via glomerular filtration, supporting its safety profile for X-ray imaging.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Radiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • X-ray contrast media are essential for medical imaging.
  • Understanding the pharmacokinetic properties of new contrast agents is crucial for safety and efficacy.
  • Iodixanol is a novel nonionic dimer contrast agent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties of iodixanol in healthy male volunteers.
  • To determine the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profile of iodixanol.
  • To assess the impact of different intravenous doses on iodixanol pharmacokinetics.

Main Methods:

  • Phase I clinical study involving 40 healthy male volunteers.
  • Intravenous administration of iodixanol at doses of 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 g iodine/kg body weight.
  • Concomitant administration of 51Cr-EDTA to assess renal excretion via glomerular filtration.

Main Results:

  • Mean half-lives for iodixanol were 26 minutes (distribution phase) and 131 minutes (elimination phase).
  • Apparent volume of distribution was 0.28 L/kg, indicating distribution limited to extracellular fluid.
  • Approximately 97% of the administered dose was excreted unchanged in urine within 24 hours, with 1.2% in feces.
  • Pharmacokinetic parameters were dose-independent.

Conclusions:

  • Iodixanol exhibits predictable pharmacokinetics characterized by rapid distribution and elimination primarily through glomerular filtration.
  • The excretion profile of iodixanol is comparable to other intravascular contrast media.
  • These findings support the safety and suitability of iodixanol for diagnostic imaging procedures.

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