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CD226 is specifically expressed on the surface of Th1 cells and regulates their expansion and effector functions

Valerie Dardalhon1, Anna S Schubart, Jayagopala Reddy

  • 1Department of Neurology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|July 22, 2005
PubMed

Insights

CD226 is a surface molecule specifically found on Th1 cells. Targeting CD226 reduces Th1 cell expansion and severity of Th1-mediated autoimmune diseases, suggesting its role in T cell activation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Differential expression of surface molecules on T helper cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th0) is crucial for immune response regulation.
  • Identifying specific markers can aid in controlling immune responses in vivo.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify surface molecules differentially expressed on Th1 cells.
  • To investigate the role of CD226 in T cell activation and Th1-mediated autoimmune diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to identify murine CD226 expression.
  • Assessed CD226 expression on CD4 and CD8 T cells during activation and differentiation.
  • Administered anti-CD226 in vivo to evaluate its effects on Th1 cell expansion, APCs, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Main Results:

  • CD226 is specifically expressed on differentiated Th1 cells, not Th2 or Th0 cells.
  • CD226 expression is up-regulated on activated CD4 cells and enhanced during Th1 differentiation, but down-regulated during Th2 polarization.
  • In vivo anti-CD226 treatment reduced Th1 cell expansion, induced inhibitory APCs, and ameliorated EAE severity.

Conclusions:

  • CD226 is a costimulatory molecule critical for Th1 cell activation and effector functions.
  • Targeting CD226 offers a potential therapeutic strategy for Th1-mediated autoimmune conditions.

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