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Bovine afferent lymph veiled cells differ from blood monocytes in phenotype and accessory function

D J McKeever1, N D MacHugh, B M Goddeeris

  • 1International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, Nairobi, Kenya.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|December 1, 1991
PubMed

Insights

Afferent lymph veiled cells (ALVC) in cattle are superior to blood monocytes in antigen presentation. ALVC exhibit unique surface markers and enhanced immune functions, particularly in T cell activation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Veterinary Science
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Veiled cells (VC) are antigen-presenting cells found in afferent lymph.
  • Understanding their phenotype and function is crucial for immune response studies.
  • Comparison with blood monocytes provides insights into immune cell differentiation and localization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the surface phenotype of bovine afferent lymph veiled cells (ALVC).
  • To compare the immune accessory function of ALVC with bovine blood monocytes.
  • To identify specific ALVC subpopulations responsible for antigen presentation.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of veiled cells from bovine afferent lymph.
  • Surface phenotyping using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against bovine leukocyte antigens.
  • Functional assays including mixed leukocyte cultures and soluble antigen presentation to T cells.

Main Results:

  • ALVC express CD1c and bovine CD45R, while monocytes express CD11b.
  • Both cell types share CD11a, CD11c, and p110/75 expression, with some restricted to ALVC subpopulations.
  • ALVC demonstrate superior stimulatory capacity in mixed leukocyte cultures and antigen presentation to T cells, linked to enhanced lymphocyte clustering.

Conclusions:

  • Bovine ALVC possess a distinct surface phenotype compared to blood monocytes.
  • ALVC exhibit significantly enhanced antigen-presenting capabilities, particularly in activating T cells.
  • The p110/75+ CD11a- subpopulation of ALVC is primarily responsible for presenting soluble antigens to T cell clones.

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