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Identification of two regions within the cytoplasmic domain of the human interferon-gamma receptor required for

M A Farrar1, J Fernandez-Luna, R D Schreiber

  • 1Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|October 15, 1991
PubMed

Insights

The human interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) receptor requires a cytoplasmic domain for full function. This domain is crucial for internalizing and responding to IFN gamma, with specific regions mediating these biologic responses.

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular genetics

Background:

  • Interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) receptor activation is essential for cellular immune responses.
  • Human chromosome 21 encodes an accessory molecule critical for IFN gamma receptor function.
  • The role of the IFN gamma receptor's cytoplasmic domain in signaling remains to be fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the importance of the cytoplasmic domain of the human IFN gamma receptor for its function.
  • To identify specific regions within the intracellular domain critical for IFN gamma receptor activity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a murine L cell line (SCC16-5) stably containing human chromosome 21.
  • Transfected SCC16-5 cells with full-length and truncated human IFN gamma receptor cDNA.
  • Assessed ligand binding, internalization, and biologic response to human IFN gamma.

Main Results:

  • Full-length human IFN gamma receptor mediated binding, internalization, and response to IFN gamma.
  • IFN gamma receptors lacking a cytoplasmic domain bound IFN gamma but failed to internalize or respond.
  • Two key intracellular regions were identified: a membrane-proximal region (residues 256-303) for ligand processing and responsiveness, and a carboxyl-terminal region (residues 434-472) exclusively for biologic responses.

Conclusions:

  • The cytoplasmic domain of the human IFN gamma receptor is indispensable for its functional activity.
  • Specific intracellular regions within the IFN gamma receptor are critical for mediating distinct aspects of the cellular response to IFN gamma.

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