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Histomorphometry and immunohistochemical features of grade I (WHO) oral radiomucositis
P R F Bonan1, E Kaminagakura, F R Pires
1Oral Diagnosis, Dentistry School, State University of Montes Claros, UNIMONTES, Minas Gerais, Brazil. pbonan@yahoo.com
Insights
Oral mucositis grade I (WHO) shows epithelial changes and increased inflammation. Biomarkers like Ki-67 and p53 are elevated, indicating cellular activity and potential genetic alterations in this condition.
Area of Science:
- Oral pathology
- Histopathology
- Immunohistochemistry
Background:
- Oral mucositis is a common side effect of cancer therapy.
- Understanding its early histopathological features is crucial for management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the immunohistopathological and morphometric features of Grade I oral mucositis (WHO).
Main Methods:
- Histopathological, morphometric, and immunohistochemical analyses (CD68, Ki-67, p53) were performed on 10 oral mucositis samples.
- Comparison with normal buccal mucosa (NM), normal mucosa of cancer patients (NMCP), and oral dysplasia (OD).
Main Results:
- Oral mucositis exhibited decreased epithelial thickness, area, and perimeter, with increased inflammatory infiltrate compared to NMCP.
- Higher CD68 immunoreactivity and significantly increased Ki-67 counts were observed in oral mucositis compared to NM and NMCP.
- p53 staining was positive in oral mucositis and oral dysplasia, but negative in NM and NMCP.
Conclusions:
- Grade I oral mucositis (WHO) is characterized by epithelial atypia and atrophy.
- An increased inflammatory response, elevated Ki-67 proliferation index, and p53 positivity are key features.
- These findings highlight cellular changes and potential molecular alterations in early-stage oral mucositis.
Aims:
The aims of this study were to describe the immunohistopathological and morphometric features of oral mucositis grade I (WHO).
Material And Methods:
Ten samples of oral mucositis were biopsied and submitted to histopathological, morphometric and immunohistochemical analyses (CD68, Ki-67 and p53). The samples were compared with the buccal mucosa of head and neck cancer patients before radiotherapy (NMCP), normal buccal mucosa (NM) and oral dysplasia (OD).
Results:
Epithelial thickness, area and perimeter were decreased in oral mucositis and inflammatory components, increased when compared with NMCP. CD68 immunoreactivity, near to the epithelium, was more evident in oral mucositis than in NMCP (P = 0.01). The Ki-67 counts were higher in oral mucositis than in NM and NMCP (P = 0.001 and P = 0.043, respectively), but without any difference with OD (P = 0.284). The p53 staining was present in all cases of mucositis and oral dysplasia, but negative in NMCP and NM.
Conclusions:
Oral mucositis grade I (WHO) presented epithelial atypia and atrophy, increased inflammatory response, with relevant Ki-67 count and positiveness for p53.
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