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Application of Long-term cultured Interferon-γ Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay for Assessing Effector and Memory T Cell Responses in Cattle
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[Reaction to tuberculin in cows and immune response to tuberculosis pathogen antigens in cattle-breeders]

L F Iakovleva, A P Lysenko, A P Lemish

    Problemy Tuberkuleza I Boleznei Legkikh
    |May 3, 2008
    PubMed

    Insights

    Latent tuberculosis infection was detected in cattle and cattle-breeders, suggesting a potential zoonotic link. Further diagnostic methods are recommended for early detection and prevention of tuberculosis transmission.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant threat to both animal and human health.
    • Identifying the causative agents and transmission routes of TB is crucial for effective control strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the cause of tuberculin reactions in a healthy cattle herd.
    • To assess the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in cattle-breeders.
    • To explore the immunological and microbiological characteristics of detected mycobacterial infections.

    Main Methods:

    • Tuberculin skin testing in cattle.
    • Serological analysis for antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis.
    • Isolation and characterization of mycobacteria from infected animals.
    • Detection of circulating mycobacterial antigens and antibody complexes.
    • DNA analysis for mycobacterial identification.

    Main Results:

    • Latent tuberculosis infection was detected in 10.4% of cattle-breeders and tuberculin-positive cows.
    • Cows with positive reactions showed higher antibody levels to M. tuberculosis than to M. bovis.
    • Mycobacteria with altered morphology were isolated, identified as an M. tuberculosis-M. bovis complex.
    • Circulating mycobacterial antigens and antibody complexes were found in the blood.

    Conclusions:

    • Tuberculin reactions in the studied herd were linked to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
    • A potential zoonotic transmission of tuberculosis between cattle and humans was indicated.
    • The study highlights the need for advanced diagnostic tools like enzyme immunoassay and PCR alongside traditional methods for tuberculosis detection.

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