Blood donor screening for parvovirus B19
B J Cohen1, A M Field, S Gudnadottir
1Virus Reference Laboratory, Central Public Health Laboratory, London, U.K.
Insights
Screening 24,000 blood donors identified one parvovirus B19 (B19) positive donation. This B19 positive material was recovered for use as a viral antigen in diagnostic serology.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Public Health
Background:
- Parvovirus B19 (B19) poses a risk in transfusion medicine.
- Diagnostic serology requires reliable viral antigen sources.
Purpose of the Study:
- To screen blood donors for parvovirus B19.
- To obtain a B19 positive donation for viral antigen isolation.
Main Methods:
- Blood donor screening using counter current immunoelectrophoresis.
- Plasma pooling of positive donations.
- Acid dissociation technique for antigen recovery.
Main Results:
- One out of 24,000 donors tested positive for B19 antigen.
- Over 100 ml of B19 containing material was obtained.
- B19 antigen was successfully recovered from immune complexes in a plasma pool.
Conclusions:
- Blood donor screening can identify parvovirus B19 positive individuals.
- Recovered B19 antigen can be utilized for diagnostic assay development.
- Antigen recovery from plasma pools is feasible.
Abstract:
A programme of blood donor screening for parvovirus B19 was conducted from January to May 1990. The main aim of the study was to identify a B19 positive donation that could be used as a source of viral antigen for diagnostic serology. Out of 24,000 donors tested one was positive for B19 antigen by counter current immunoelectrophoresis and over 100 ml of undiluted B19 containing material was obtained. However, much of the positive donation was incorporated in a plasma pool of 28 donations. An acid dissociation technique was used to recover B19 antigen from immune complexes formed in the plasma pool.
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