The role of macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a pilot study

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Biomarkers
• Myocardial Infarction Research

Background:

• Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) is a critical complication following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
• Identifying reliable biomarkers for LVSD is crucial for patient management and prognosis.
• Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) is implicated in inflammatory processes relevant to cardiovascular disease.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) levels and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
• To determine if M-CSF is an independent predictor of LVSD in the context of AMI.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 56 patients with AMI was studied.
• LVSD was defined by clinical (Killip class >II) or echocardiographic criteria (ejection fraction ≤45%).
• Serum M-CSF concentrations were measured and correlated with LVSD status and ejection fraction, alongside other cardiovascular risk factors and biomarkers.

Main Results:

• Serum M-CSF levels were significantly elevated in AMI patients with clinical and echocardiographic signs of LVSD compared to those without.
• A significant inverse correlation was observed between M-CSF levels and left ventricular ejection fraction (r = -.351, P = .0079).
• Logistic regression analysis identified M-CSF as a stronger independent predictor of LVSD (OR 2.1, P = .0168) than other evaluated parameters.

Conclusions:

• This study provides the first evidence that plasma M-CSF levels are independent determinants of low left ventricular ejection fraction and clinical LV dysfunction in patients with AMI.
• M-CSF may serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker for assessing LVSD severity post-myocardial infarction.
• Further research is warranted to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting M-CSF in AMI patients with LVSD.