Multiple cutaneous swellings in an immunocompetent host--cryptococcosis overlooked

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Infectious Diseases
• Dermatology

Background:

• Cryptococcosis incidence is rising, notably in immunocompetent hosts.
• Cutaneous manifestations of cryptococcosis can be diverse and non-specific.
• Early diagnosis is crucial for managing potential dissemination.

Observation:

• A 60-year-old immunocompetent male presented with multiple subcutaneous swellings.
• These lesions evolved into a non-healing ulcer.
• The causative agent identified was Cryptococcus.

Findings:

• The case illustrates a rare presentation of cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent individual.
• A review of clinical presentations in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients is provided.
• Cutaneous cryptococcosis exhibits variable and often non-specific clinical features.

Implications:

• A high index of suspicion is essential for diagnosing cutaneous cryptococcosis.
• Prompt diagnosis and treatment can prevent systemic dissemination.
• Understanding diverse clinical presentations aids in managing this opportunistic infection.