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Physiological basis for neuroimmunomodulation

P J Neveu1, M Le Moal

  • 1Laboratoire de Psychobiologie des Comportements Adaptatifs, INSERM U259, Université de Bordeaux II, France.

Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology
|January 1, 1990
PubMed

Insights

The central nervous system (CNS) modulates immune responses through neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. This interaction forms a regulatory loop, highlighting the neuroendocrine system

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • The central nervous system (CNS) and immune system (IS) communicate through endocrine and autonomic pathways.
  • Immune cells share membrane antigens with neural cells, suggesting functional analogies.
  • Evidence indicates a bidirectional communication, with the CNS modulating immune functions and vice-versa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the immunomodulating role of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides.
  • To explore the concept of a regulatory loop between the neuroendocrine and immune systems.
  • To emphasize the importance of neuro-immunomodulation within the immune micro-environment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and experimental observations.
  • Analysis of existing literature on CNS-IS interactions.
  • Focus on neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and interleukins.

Main Results:

  • Neurotransmitters and neuropeptides significantly modulate immune responses.
  • Immune cells exhibit similarities to neural cells, reinforcing CNS-IS analogies.
  • Interleukins possess neuroendocrine functions, acting both peripherally and centrally.
  • Lymphocytes may have endocrine functions, completing a regulatory loop.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive regulatory loop exists between the immune and neuro-endocrine systems.
  • Neuro-immunomodulation is crucial for understanding CNS-IS inter-relationships.
  • The immune micro-environment can be viewed as an integrated immune-neuro-endocrine complex.

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