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Celiac disease detection using a transglutaminase electrochemical immunosensor fabricated on nanohybrid
Marta M P S Neves1, María Begoña González-García, Henri P A Nouws
1Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Aníbal Cunha 164, 4099-030 Porto, Portugal.
Insights
A new electrochemical immunosensor detects celiac disease biomarkers (anti-tTG autoantibodies) in patient samples. This rapid screening tool offers a reliable alternative for diagnosing gluten-induced enteropathy.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Analytical Chemistry
- Immunology
Background:
- Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion.
- Diagnosis relies on detecting autoantibodies against tissue transglutaminase (tTG).
- Current diagnostic methods can be time-consuming or require specialized equipment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a disposable electrochemical immunosensor for detecting IgA and IgG anti-tTG autoantibodies.
- To evaluate the sensor's performance in real patient samples.
- To establish a reliable and accessible screening tool for celiac disease.
Main Methods:
- Utilized screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) nanostructured with carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles.
- Immobilized tTG onto the nanostructured electrode surface.
- Employed an alkaline phosphatase (AP) labeled antibody for electrochemical detection via cyclic voltammetry, measuring enzymatically generated silver.
Main Results:
- The developed electrochemical immunosensor successfully detected IgA and IgG anti-tTG autoantibodies.
- Nanostructured transducer enhanced immunological interaction and signal amplification.
- Results showed strong correlation with a commercial ELISA kit, confirming reliability.
Conclusions:
- The disposable electrochemical immunosensor is a trustworthy analytical tool for celiac disease screening.
- This sensor offers a sensitive and efficient method for detecting key celiac disease biomarkers.
- The technology holds potential for point-of-care diagnostics and improved patient management.
Abstract:
Celiac disease is a gluten-induced autoimmune enteropathy characterized by the presence of tissue tranglutaminase (tTG) autoantibodies. A disposable electrochemical immunosensor (EI) for the detection of IgA and IgG type anti-tTG autoantibodies in real patient's samples is presented. Screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) nanostructurized with carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles were used as the transducer surface. This transducer exhibits the excellent characteristics of carbon-metal nanoparticle hybrid conjugation and led to the amplification of the immunological interaction. The immunosensing strategy consisted of the immobilization of tTG on the nanostructured electrode surface followed by the electrochemical detection of the autoantibodies present in the samples using an alkaline phosphatase (AP) labelled anti-human IgA or IgG antibody. The analytical signal was based on the anodic redissolution of enzymatically generated silver by cyclic voltammetry. The results obtained were corroborated with a commercial ELISA kit indicating that the electrochemical immunosensor is a trustful analytical screening tool.
