Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Assay of Adhesion Under Shear Stress for the Study of T Lymphocyte-Adhesion Molecule Interactions
07:40

Assay of Adhesion Under Shear Stress for the Study of T Lymphocyte-Adhesion Molecule Interactions

Published on: June 29, 2016

Short communication: adhesion pathways utilized by HIV-infected lymphocytes

Yu-hua Chow1, Li Liu, Barbara Schwartz

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
|March 8, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected lymphocytes utilize cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4) for adhesion to endothelial matrix and fibronectin. Rap-1 activity is also required for adhesion in these cells, suggesting new therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Lymphocyte adhesion to the endothelial matrix is crucial for immune cell trafficking.
  • Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4) has been identified as a mediator of a novel lymphocyte adhesion pathway.
  • Aberrant lymphocyte adhesion is implicated in various pathological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Cdk4 in the adhesion of HIV-infected lymphocytes.
  • To determine the involvement of Rap-1 signaling in HIV-infected lymphocyte adhesion.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for regulating HIV-infected lymphocyte migration.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of adhesion properties of HIV-infected lymphocytes.
  • Assessment of Cdk4 activity in lymphocyte adhesion.
  • Investigation of Rap-1 signaling pathways in response to phorbol ester stimulation.

Main Results:

  • HIV-infected lymphocytes exhibit spontaneous adhesion to fibronectin and endothelial matrix, mediated by Cdk4.
  • Rap-1 activity is essential for phorbol-stimulated adhesion in HIV-infected lymphocytes.
  • These findings highlight specific molecular pathways governing HIV-infected lymphocyte adhesion.

Conclusions:

  • Cdk4 plays a significant role in the adhesion of HIV-infected lymphocytes.
  • Rap-1 signaling is implicated in the enhanced adhesion of HIV-infected lymphocytes.
  • Targeting these adhesion pathways may offer novel strategies to control HIV-related immune dysregulation and lymphocyte migration.

More Related Videos

Imaging of HIV-1 Envelope-induced Virological Synapse and Signaling on Synthetic Lipid Bilayers11:45

Imaging of HIV-1 Envelope-induced Virological Synapse and Signaling on Synthetic Lipid Bilayers

Published on: March 8, 2012

Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes09:14

Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes

Published on: June 13, 2014

Related Concept Videos

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...