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Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of itraconazole oral solution in cats

Chaoping Liang1, Qi Shan2, Jialian Zhong1

  • 1National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
|April 29, 2015
PubMed

Insights

This study details the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of itraconazole oral solution in cats. Itraconazole exhibits a long half-life and moderate bioavailability when administered orally to felines.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pharmacology
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Drug Metabolism

Background:

  • Itraconazole (ITR) is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent.
  • Understanding the pharmacokinetics of ITR in cats is crucial for effective therapeutic use.
  • Limited data exists on the oral bioavailability of ITR in feline species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the pharmacokinetic profile of itraconazole oral solution in healthy cats.
  • To determine the absolute bioavailability of itraconazole following oral administration in cats.
  • To provide essential data for optimizing itraconazole dosing regimens in feline patients.

Main Methods:

  • Eight healthy, fasted cats were included in a two-period crossover study.
  • Single intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) doses of itraconazole at 5 mg/kg were administered.
  • Blood samples were collected at intervals for itraconazole concentration analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Main Results:

  • Following IV administration, the terminal elimination half-life (T1/2λz) was approximately 15.8 hours.
  • Oral administration resulted in a T1/2λz of 15.6 hours and a peak concentration (Cmax) of 0.70 μg/ml at 1.43 hours.
  • The absolute oral bioavailability of itraconazole solution in cats was determined to be 52.1% ± 11.6%.

Conclusions:

  • Itraconazole oral solution in cats demonstrates a prolonged terminal half-life.
  • The drug exhibits a relatively short time to reach peak concentration after oral dosing.
  • The calculated absolute bioavailability suggests moderate absorption of itraconazole oral solution in the feline population.
Abstract

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