Development and validation of a microfluidic immunoassay capable of multiplexing parallel samples in microliter
Mehdi Ghodbane1, Elizabeth C Stucky, Tim J Maguire
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA. yarmush@rci.rutgers.edu.
Insights
This study introduces a novel microfluidic multiplex immunoassay for efficient biomolecule quantification. The developed platform significantly reduces sample volume and cost for simultaneous analysis of multiple analytes, enabling advanced in vitro screening.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Analytical Chemistry
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Immunoassays are crucial for quantifying biomolecules in research and diagnostics.
- Multiplex assays offer simultaneous measurement but face challenges with cost and sample volume.
- Microfluidics presents a solution to overcome limitations of traditional immunoassays.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel microfluidic multiplex immunoassay.
- To enable simultaneous measurement of multiple analytes with reduced sample volume and cost.
- To establish a versatile platform for in vitro screening applications.
Main Methods:
- Development of a microfluidic chip for parallel sample processing.
- Utilized commercially available reagents for easy analyte customization.
- Simultaneous measurement of 6 proteins in 32 samples using 4.2 μL of sample volume.
Main Results:
- Generated high-quality standard curves for all 6 analytes.
- Quantified spiked samples across the assay's working range.
- Demonstrated strong correlation (R(2) = 0.8999) with bench-top multiplex immunoassays.
- Successfully characterized cytokine secretion in an in vitro inflammatory hippocampus model.
Conclusions:
- The microfluidic multiplex immunoassay offers a low-volume, cost-effective solution for biomolecule analysis.
- The platform demonstrates proof-of-concept as a versatile in vitro screening tool.
- Potential for broad application in research and diagnostics where sample volume and cost are limiting factors.
Abstract:
Immunoassays are widely utilized due to their ability to quantify a vast assortment of biomolecules relevant to biological research and clinical diagnostics. Recently, immunoassay capabilities have been improved by the development of multiplex assays that simultaneously measure multiple analytes in a single sample. However, these assays are hindered by high costs of reagents and relatively large sample requirements. For example, in vitro screening systems currently dedicate individual wells to each time point of interest and this limitation is amplified in screening studies when the investigation of many experimental conditions is necessary; resulting in large volumes for analysis, a correspondingly high cost and a limited temporal experimental design. Microfluidics based immunoassays have been developed in order to overcome these drawbacks. Together, previous studies have demonstrated on-chip assays with either a large dynamic range, high performance sensitivity, and/or the ability to process samples in parallel on a single chip. In this report, we develop a multiplex immunoassay possessing all of these parallel characteristics using commercially available reagents, which allows the analytes of interest to be easily changed. The device presented can measure 6 proteins in 32 samples simultaneously using only 4.2 μL of sample volume. High quality standard curves are generated for all 6 analytes included in the analysis, and spiked samples are quantified throughout the working range of the assay. In addition, we demonstrate a strong correlation (R(2) = 0.8999) between in vitro supernatant measurements using our device and those obtained from a bench-top multiplex immunoassay. Finally, we describe cytokine secretion in an in vitro inflammatory hippocampus culture system, establishing proof-of-concept of the ability to use this platform as an in vitro screening tool. The low-volume, multiplexing abilities of the microdevice described in this report could be broadly applied to numerous situations where sample volumes and costs are limiting.
