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Comparison of chemiluminescent immunoassay and ELISA for measles IgG and IgM
Fernando de Ory1,2, Teodora Minguito1, Pilar Balfagón1
1Laboratorio de Serología, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
Insights
A new automated assay accurately detects measles IgG and IgM antibodies, crucial for measles elimination efforts. This chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) offers high sensitivity and specificity, simplifying laboratory diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Accurate identification of recent measles infections is vital for global measles elimination strategies.
- Serological diagnosis relies on detecting specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies.
- Automated assays streamline laboratory workflows for infectious disease diagnostics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the performance of an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) for quantifying measles-specific IgG and IgM antibodies.
- To compare the diagnostic accuracy of the CLIA assay against a reference Enzygnost ELISA method.
- To assess the clinical utility of the CLIA assay in identifying recent measles infections.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed 204 sera for measles IgM and 162 sera for measles IgG using the Liaison CLIA assay.
- Compared CLIA results with Enzygnost ELISA, with discrepancies resolved by indirect immunofluorescence.
- Calculated sensitivity and specificity for both IgM and IgG detection.
Main Results:
- For measles IgM, CLIA demonstrated high sensitivity (94%) and specificity (100%) against ELISA, corrected to 100% and 99.4% respectively after discrepancy resolution.
- For measles IgG, CLIA showed excellent sensitivity (97.2%) and specificity (92.9%) against ELISA, corrected to 95.5% and 100% respectively.
- The CLIA assay effectively detected measles IgG and IgM antibodies without the need for specimen pre-aliquoting.
Conclusions:
- The automated CLIA assay exhibits excellent sensitivity and specificity for detecting measles IgG and IgM antibodies.
- This assay simplifies measles serological diagnosis, eliminating pre-analytical steps like specimen aliquotting.
- The CLIA assay is a reliable tool for clinical laboratories supporting measles elimination programs.
Abstract:
In the context of measles elimination, the identification of recent infections is important for clinical laboratories. Serological diagnosis is achieved by detecting specific IgG and IgM. Recently an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) (Liaison, DiaSorin, Italy) has been used to quantify the measles antibody. The aim of this study was to compare this assay with Enzygnost ELISA (Siemens, Germany), with final classification of discrepancies by indirect immunofluorescence (Euroimmun, Germany). For measles IgM, 204 sera were analyzed: 50 IgM-positive, 104 IgM-negative/IgG-positive, and 50 from other viral infections (B19V, rubella, mumps, CMV, and EBV). For the measles IgG assay, 162 samples were tested: 106 were positive and 56 were negative. For measles IgM, the sensitivity and specificity of CLIA against ELISA were 94% (95% CI: 83.2-98.6) and 100% (95% CI: 97.1-100), respectively; the corrected figures after the final classification of discrepancies were 100% (95% CI: 91.0-100) and 99.4% (95% CI: 96.1-100), respectively. In relation to IgG, the sensitivity and specificity of CLIA against ELISA were, respectively, 97.2% (95% CI: 91.7-99.4) and 92.9% (95% CI: 82.5-97.7), and 95.5% (95% CI: 89.5-98.3) and 100% (95% CI: 91.8-100) after the final classification. CLIA showed excellent sensitivity and specificity in detecting measles IgG and IgM antibodies, eliminating the need to aliquot specimens before carrying out the assay.
