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[Submucosal chromoendoscopy. A technique that highlights epithelia and differentiates histological components, and
Insights
Submucosal chromoendoscopy uses vital stains like indigo carmine injected into the intestinal wall. This technique improves the visualization and resection of gastrointestinal lesions, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and procedural safety.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Endoscopic procedures
- Surgical oncology
Background:
- Submucosal injection is an endoscopic technique.
- Vital stains like indigo carmine are used.
- It aids in characterizing and resecting gastrointestinal lesions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the technique of submucosal injection using vital stains.
- To highlight the benefits for polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection.
- To emphasize the combined diagnostic and therapeutic value.
Main Methods:
- Injection of vital stain (e.g., indigo carmine) into the submucosa.
- Characterization of various epithelia and lesion implantation sites.
- Facilitation of lesion lifting and resection (en bloc or piecemeal).
Main Results:
- Improved delimitation and characterization of gastrointestinal epithelia and lesions.
- Enhanced feasibility and safety of complex polypectomies and endoscopic resections.
- Better identification of intestinal wall structures and perforations.
Conclusions:
- Submucosal chromoendoscopy is a valuable adjunct for gastrointestinal endoscopy.
- The technique improves accuracy, safety, and feasibility of lesion resection.
- It offers both diagnostic and therapeutic advantages in endoscopic procedures.
Abstract:
Submucosal chromoendoscopy involves the injection of a solution containing a vital stain, usually indigo carmine, into the intestinal wall submucosal layer. This allows to: Better delimit and characterize the various epithelia present (colonic mucosa, adenoma, hyperplastic polyp, serrated polyp, small bowel mucosa); expose and delimit lesion implantation areas; cooperate in the lifting of resectable lesions; ensure section across the submucosal plane; identify intestinal wall structures; render complex polypectomy feasible; and facilitate the identification of perforations.The present paper offers information on the endoscopic technique for submucosal injection, solution preparation and concentration, and on the potential benefits it may provide for polypectomy or endocopic mucosal resection whether en block or piecemeal. This endoscopic technique simultaneously combines a diagnostic and a therapeutic aspect, since lesion lifting in association with better delimited contours may improve not only accuracy but also endoscopic resection safety and feasibility.
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