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Lymphocytic choriomeningitis and alpha-chemokines

U Politti1

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.

La Clinica Terapeutica
|July 9, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and its receptor CXCR3 are key in lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM). Astrocytes are central to the CNS immune response during LCM, interacting with T cells.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) involves immune and central nervous system (CNS) cells.
  • Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and its receptor CXCR3 are implicated in LCM pathogenesis.
  • The roles of CNS resident cells in LCM inflammation are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of IP-10/CXCR3 axis in LCM.
  • To identify the cellular sources of IP-10 within the CNS during LCM.
  • To elucidate the interplay between CNS resident cells and infiltrating immune cells.

Main Methods:

  • Murine model of LCM.
  • Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry to analyze immune cell infiltration and CNS cell activation.
  • Gene expression analysis to quantify IP-10 production.

Main Results:

  • IP-10 is crucial for effector T cell accumulation at CNS inflammation sites during LCM.
  • Astrocytes are the primary producers of IP-10 in the neural parenchyma.
  • Microglial cells and bone marrow-derived cells are not significant IP-10 producers in this context.
  • A bidirectional interplay exists between CNS resident astrocytes and virus-specific T cells.

Conclusions:

  • The IP-10/CXCR3 pathway is critical for T cell recruitment to the CNS during LCM.
  • Astrocytes play an active role in the local antiviral immune response within the CNS.
  • This study highlights astrocytes as key mediators in neuroinflammation during viral infections.

Keywords:
CXCR3IP-10Lymphocytic choriomeningitis

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