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Hairy cell leukemia: A retrospective study on 11 patients in the Western of Iran
Mehrdad Payandeh1, Masoud Sadeghi2, Edris Sadeghi2
1Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Insights
Cladribine therapy is the optimal treatment for Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL), outperforming Interferon (IFN) therapy. This study evaluated HCL patient outcomes, confirming cladribine
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) is a chronic B-cell lymphoid leukemia.
- HCL is characterized by pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and myelofibrosis.
- Atypical lymphoid cells with a hairy appearance are present in blood, bone marrow, and spleen.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of cladribine therapy versus Interferon (IFN) therapy in HCL patients.
- To analyze clinical features, treatment outcomes, and BRAF mutation in HCL patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 11 HCL patients treated between 2004 and 2013.
- Monitoring of clinical features, blood counts (platelets, Hb, WBC), therapy types, survival rates, and BRAF mutation.
- Comparison of cladribine therapy with IFN therapy.
Main Results:
- The study group consisted of 100% male patients with a mean age of 50 years.
- All patients presented with pancytopenia at diagnosis; 45% had splenomegaly.
- BRAF V600E mutation was observed in 9% of patients. All patients experienced pre-treatment symptoms including fatigue, weight loss, vomiting, fever, night sweats, and itching.
Conclusions:
- Hairy cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow are associated with pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and myelofibrosis in HCL.
- Cladribine therapy is identified as the superior treatment option for HCL patients.
- Cladribine therapy demonstrates better outcomes compared to IFN therapy for HCL.
Background:
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a chronic B-cell lymphoid leukemia characterized by pancytopenia, splenomegaly, myelofibrosis and the presence in peripheral blood, bone marrow and spleen of atypical lymphoid cells with a hairy aspect. The study aims to evaluate a group of patients with hairy cell leukemia, hospitalized in the Clinic of Hematology and Oncology, Kermanshah, Iran, on a period of 15 years and affect of between cladribine therapy and IFN therapy on the patients with HCL.
Methods:
This is a retrospective analysis of 11 patients in the Clinic of Hematology and Oncology, Kermanshah, Iran, between 2004 and 2013. Clinical features at diagnosis, differential count (platelet, Hb and WBC) types of therapy, survival rate and BRAF mutation have been monitored. As a result, cladribine therapy is the best treatment option for patients.
Results:
The mean age of patients was 50 years with 100% of men. Approximately 45% of them had splenomegaly at diagnosis. 100% of patients had pancytopenia at diagnosis.9% of patients had mutation of BRAF V600E. Before of treatment, there were fatigue, weight loss, vomiting, fever, night sweat and itching in all of the patients.
Conclusion:
There is presence of hairy cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow and was associated with pancytopenia, splenomegaly, myelofibrosis in HCL patients. Also, cladribine therapy is best option for treatment of patients and it is better than IFN.
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