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CD180 expression in B-cell lymphomas: A multicenter GEIL study
Caroline Mayeur-Rousse1, Julien Guy2, Laurent Miguet3,4
1Laboratoire D'hématologie, CHU De Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France. caroline.mayeurrousse@chru-strasbourg.fr.
Insights
CD180 is a reliable marker for diagnosing marginal zone lymphomas (MZL). This study confirms CD180
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- CD180, a Toll-like receptor family member, is typically lost in B-cell lymphomas.
- Marginal zone lymphomas (MZL) are an exception, often retaining CD180 expression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the clinical relevance of CD180 expression in routine B-cell lymphoma diagnosis.
- To establish CD180 as a robust diagnostic marker for MZL.
Main Methods:
- Prospective evaluation of CD180 expression in 236 patients across 5 French University Hospital laboratories.
- Utilized the EuroFlow standardization protocol for consistent flow cytometry analysis.
- Analyzed CD180 median fluorescence intensity (MdFI) and performed ROC curve analysis.
Main Results:
- CD180 median fluorescence intensity (MdFI) was significantly higher in MZL and hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) compared to other B-cell neoplasms.
- CD180 expression levels differentiated subtypes of MZL.
- A CD180 MdFI threshold achieved 77% sensitivity and 92% specificity for MZL diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- CD180 is a robust, single positive marker for diagnosing MZL.
- CD180 should be incorporated into flow cytometry panels for mature B-cell neoplasms.
- Harmonization of multi-center studies is crucial for evaluating new diagnostic markers.
Abstract:
CD180, a related member of the Toll-like receptor family, is lost or underexpressed at the plasma membrane in circulating cells of various B-cell lymphomas except marginal zone lymphomas (MZL). In order to confirm its clinical relevance in routine analysis, we evaluated prospectively the expression of CD180 in 236 patients from 5 French University Hospital laboratories on behalf of the GEIL. Highly comparable results were obtained in all centers using the EuroFlow standardization protocol. We observed that CD180 median fluorescence (MdFI) was significantly higher in MZL and hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) compared to all other B-cell proliferations (P < 0.05). CD180 intensity could distinguish lymphomas with numerous villous lymphocytes from other MZL. ROC curve analysis identified a CD180 MdFI threshold for which the diagnosis of MZL could be assessed with 77% sensitivity and 92% specificity. This study showed that CD180 can be considered as a single positive robust marker of MZL and should be therefore included in flow cytometry panels for the diagnosis of mature B-cell neoplasms. Harmonization process is of great interest in order to evaluate new markers in multicentric studies and to set up decisional thresholds. © 2015 International Clinical Cytometry Society.
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