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Updated: Apr 1, 2026

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Published on: August 23, 2021
Principles of Analytic Validation of Clinical Immunohistochemistry Assays
Jeffrey D Goldsmith1, Patrick L Fitzgibbons, Paul E Swanson
1*Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Children's Hospital Boston, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA †Department of Pathology, St. Jude Medical Center, Fullerton, CA ‡Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Insights
Clinical pathology laboratories must validate all assays before use. This review outlines validation strategies for immunohistochemistry assays, guided by the College of American Pathologists.
Area of Science:
- Anatomic and clinical pathology
- Laboratory medicine
Background:
- Assay validation is a mandatory prerequisite for clinical implementation in pathology laboratories.
- Ensuring the reliability and accuracy of diagnostic tests is paramount for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize validation strategies for clinical immunohistochemistry assays.
- To provide practical guidance based on the College of American Pathologists' recent guideline.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature and guidelines.
- Focus on the College of American Pathologists' recommendations for immunohistochemistry assay validation.
Main Results:
- Key validation steps and considerations for immunohistochemistry assays are detailed.
- The review emphasizes a systematic approach to ensure assay performance.
Conclusions:
- Adherence to standardized validation protocols is crucial for reliable immunohistochemistry testing.
- The College of American Pathologists' guideline offers a robust framework for assay validation in clinical practice.
Abstract:
All assays performed in anatomic and clinical pathology laboratories must be validated before they are placed into clinical service. This review summarizes strategies for validation of clinical immunohistochemistry assays, and is chiefly based on the recently released guideline released by The College of American Pathologists.
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Data Validation
Key parameters for method validation include:

