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A case of hypercalcaemia in an immunocompetent patient with Mycobacterium avium intracellulare

Christine E Parsons1, Sujata Singh1, Holly L Geyer1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA.

JRSM Open
|July 28, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infection should be considered when diagnosing hypercalcemia, particularly in immunocompromised patients. This opportunistic infection is a key factor in unexplained high calcium levels.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Hypercalcemia is a common clinical finding with diverse etiologies.
  • Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI) is an opportunistic pathogen.
  • Immunocompromised individuals are at increased risk for MAI infections.

Observation:

  • MAI infection or colonization can present with hypercalcemia.
  • This association is particularly relevant in the context of weakened immune systems.
  • Clinical suspicion is crucial for identifying this cause.

Findings:

  • MAI should be included in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia.
  • This is especially important for immunocompromised patients with unexplained hypercalcemia.
  • Appropriate clinical context is key for considering MAI.

Implications:

  • Early consideration of MAI can lead to timely diagnosis and treatment.
  • This may prevent complications associated with prolonged hypercalcemia.
  • Awareness of this association can improve patient outcomes in susceptible populations.

Keywords:
Mycobacterium aviumhypercalcaemiavitamin D

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