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Stromal cell networks coordinate immune response generation and maintenance

Yannick O Alexandre1, Scott N Mueller1,2

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Immunological Reviews
|April 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Lymphoid stromal cells (LSC) build the structure of secondary lymphoid organs (SLO), guiding immune cell interactions. These cells, including fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC), significantly influence adaptive immunity and responses to re-exposure.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Secondary lymphoid organs (SLO), such as the spleen and lymph nodes (LN), are critical sites for initiating adaptive immune responses.
  • Lymphocytes continuously circulate through SLO via blood and lymph, seeking antigens for activation within the organ's specific microarchitecture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the role of lymphoid stromal cells (LSC) in immune responses.
  • To highlight the contribution of LSC, including fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC), to the structure and function of SLO.
  • To discuss how LSC modulate immune responses, particularly during secondary challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature.
  • Analysis of studies investigating lymphoid stromal cell function.
  • Synthesis of data on the impact of LSC on immune cell interactions and adaptive immunity.

Main Results:

  • Lymphoid stromal cells (LSC) are essential for constructing and maintaining the microarchitecture of SLO.
  • LSC define distinct tissue compartments and provide crucial signaling cues that regulate immune cell activity.
  • Recent studies demonstrate that LSC, notably fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC), play a substantial role in shaping immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • Lymphoid stromal cells (LSC) are not merely structural components but active participants in immune regulation within SLO.
  • FRC and other LSC can tune immune responses, influencing both primary and secondary challenges.
  • Understanding LSC function is key to comprehending adaptive immunity and developing novel immunotherapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
fibroblastic reticular cellsimmune responseslymph nodeslymphocyteslymphoid stromal cellsmemory T cells

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