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Inflammasome gene expression is associated with immunopathology in human localized cutaneous leishmaniasis

Gaurav Gupta1, Alynne K M Santana2, Ciro M Gomes3

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

Cellular Immunology
|May 13, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Inflammasome genes like NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRP1 are crucial in localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL). Their expression changes with disease stage, impacting inflammation and susceptibility to Leishmania braziliensis infection.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) can lead to chronic inflammation.
  • The role of inflammasomes in LCL pathogenesis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of inflammasome genes in LCL.
  • To analyze inflammasome gene expression during different phases of LCL.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized PCR-array, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunohistochemical analysis.
  • Examined gene expression in LCL patients and experimental models.

Main Results:

  • Identified upregulation of inflammasome genes (IL-1β, NLRP3, NLRP1, NLRC5, AIM2, P2RX7) in LCL patients.
  • Observed distinct temporal expression patterns for NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRP1 during early and late LCL stages.
  • Demonstrated that AIM2, NLRP1, and P2RX7 contribute to susceptibility to Leishmania braziliensis infection.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammasome machinery is critical in human LCL.
  • Specific inflammasomes play roles in both acute and chronic phases of LCL.
  • Targeting inflammasomes may offer therapeutic strategies for LCL.

Keywords:
AIM2Human localized cutaneous leishmaniasisIL-1βInflammasomesInflammationNLRP3

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