Presumptive precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia concurrent with gastrointestinal lymphoma in a cat
Makoto Akiyoshi1,2, Masaharu Hisasue1, Sakurako Neo3
1Laboratory of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara-shi, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuuku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan.
Insights
This case report details a cat with precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia (PIMA) and concurrent T-cell lymphoma. Successful treatment involved surgery and immunosuppression, with no recurrence observed.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Immunology
- Oncology
Background:
- Nonregenerative anemia is a common clinical sign in cats.
- Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) can occur in felines.
- Gastrointestinal lymphoma is a known neoplastic condition in cats.
Observation:
- A 10-year-old cat presented with severe nonregenerative anemia and a gastric mass.
- Bone marrow analysis showed erythroid precursors phagocytized by macrophages.
- The gastric mass was diagnosed as CD20-positive T-cell lymphoma.
Findings:
- The cat was diagnosed with presumptive precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia (PIMA).
- Surgical resection of the lymphoma and immunosuppressive therapy resolved the anemia.
- This is the first reported case of concurrent feline PIMA and gastrointestinal lymphoma.
Implications:
- This case highlights PIMA as a differential diagnosis for nonregenerative anemia in cats.
- Concurrent PIMA and lymphoma may occur in felines.
- Combined surgical and immunosuppressive treatment can be effective for these conditions.
Abstract:
A 10-year-old spayed female mixed-breed cat presented with progressive nonregenerative anemia. Clinicopathological abnormalities included severe nonregenerative anemia (packed cell volume [PCV]: 7%, aggregate reticulocytes: 1.12 × 103/µl) and a hypoechogenic mass well-localized in the stomach. Bone marrow (BM) smears revealed increased particle hematopoietic cellularity with decreased myeloid:erythroid (M:E) ratios, no dysplasia of any lineage, and presence of erythroid precursors phagocytized by macrophages. The cat was diagnosed with presumptive precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia (PIMA). The stomach mass was consistent with CD 20 positive T-cell lymphoma. The lymphoma was completely resected via surgery, and the PIMA was cured by immunosuppressive therapy. On day 410, both diseases have not recurred without medications. This is the first report of feline PIMA and concurrent gastrointestinal lymphoma.
