Interferon-γ and IL-10 Release Assay for Patients with Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Marcelo Rudzinski1,2,3, Lais Pardini3,4, Mariana Bernstein3,4

  • 11Cátedra de Oftalmología, Universidad Católica de las Misiones (UCAMI), Posadas, Argentina.

Insights

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from ocular toxoplasmosis patients showed increased interferon gamma (IFN-γ) when stimulated with Toxoplasma gondii antigens. Local parasite strains induced higher IFN-γ release than the reference strain.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Ocular toxoplasmosis is an inflammatory eye disease caused by *Toxoplasma gondii*.
  • Assessing immune responses in patients is crucial for understanding disease pathogenesis and management.
  • Cytokine release assays (CRA) are used to measure immune cell activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the immune response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from ocular toxoplasmosis patients.
  • To compare the cytokine release induced by a reference *Toxoplasma gondii* strain versus a local isolate.
  • To explore potential clinical correlations with immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from patients with ocular toxoplasmosis during the inactive disease period.
  • PBMCs were stimulated with total antigens from *Toxoplasma gondii* lysate (TATL) from both a reference (ME49) and a local (TgCkAr-11-9) strain.
  • Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels were measured using a cytokine release assay (CRA).

Main Results:

  • PBMC stimulation with either the ME49 strain or the local TgCkAr-11-9 isolate significantly increased IFN-γ levels compared to basal conditions.
  • The local TgCkAr-11-9 isolate induced a significantly higher release of IFN-γ than the ME49 reference strain.
  • Patients were classified into high or low/non-IFN-γ releasers based on median IFN-γ levels upon stimulation with the local isolate, with clinical correlations observed.

Conclusions:

  • Immune cells from ocular toxoplasmosis patients mount a significant IFN-γ response to *Toxoplasma gondii* antigens.
  • Local *Toxoplasma gondii* isolates may elicit a stronger immune response than reference strains.
  • Including local strains in CRA is essential for accurately assessing immune responses in ocular toxoplasmosis.