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A clinical case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia in a Holstein cow
Masaki Maezawa1, Nao Akiyama1, Michihito Tagawa2
1Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
Insights
This study diagnosed acute myelomonocytic leukemia in a Holstein cow using bone marrow cytology and cytochemical staining. These methods are crucial for identifying bovine myeloid leukemia.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Bovine leukemia can manifest with non-specific clinical signs.
- Accurate diagnosis of bovine myeloid leukemia is essential for appropriate management.
Abstract:
A 2-year, 3-month-old Holstein cow presented with anorexia and enlarged superficial lymph nodes. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the superficial lymph nodes revealed large blast cells. Hematological examination revealed anemia, neutropenia, and blast cells in peripheral blood. Blast cells were the predominant cell type in bone marrow aspirates. Of the non-erythroid cells, 26%, 58%, and 18% were positive for myeloperoxidase, α-naphthyl acetate esterase, and naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase, respectively. Pathological examination revealed the proliferation of neoplastic cells, which were positive for monocytic markers, in the affected lymph nodes. The cow was diagnosed with acute myelomonocytic leukemia based on these findings. This report highlights the importance of performing bone marrow aspiration cytology and cytochemical staining when diagnosing bovine myeloid leukemia.
