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Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Multiphoton Intravital Imaging for Monitoring Leukocyte Recruitment during Arteriogenesis in a Murine Hindlimb Model
Published on: September 30, 2021
Method for Multiplexed Dynamic Intravital Multiphoton Imaging
Asylkhan Rakhymzhan1, Andreas Acs2, Ruth Leben3
1Biophysical Analytics, Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum - a Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany. asylkhan.rakhymzhan@drfz.de.
Insights
This study introduces a new method for multiplexed dynamic intravital two-photon imaging. It allows distinguishing seven fluorophore signals using only four detector channels for better in vivo immune system research.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microscopy
- Biophysics
Background:
- Intravital two-photon microscopy is crucial for studying cellular dynamics in living organisms.
- Its application in immunology provides unique insights into in vivo pathophysiologic processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a method for multiplexed dynamic intravital two-photon imaging.
- To enhance the ability to monitor cellular dynamics and communication within the immune system in vivo.
Main Methods:
- A synergistic strategy combining spectrally broad fluorophore emissions.
- Utilizing a wave-mixing concept for simultaneous excitation of multiple fluorophores.
- Employing an effective unmixing algorithm based on spectral similarity calculations.
Main Results:
- Successfully distinguished seven distinct fluorophore signals.
- Achieved multiplexed imaging using only four detector channels.
- Enabled detailed monitoring of cellular and tissue compartments in vivo.
Conclusions:
- The developed method significantly advances intravital two-photon imaging capabilities.
- This technique offers improved resolution for studying complex biological systems, particularly the immune system.
- Facilitates deeper understanding of in vivo pathophysiologic processes through enhanced cellular observation.
Abstract:
Intravital two-photon microscopy enables monitoring of cellular dynamics and communication of complex systems, in genuine environment-the living organism. Particularly, its application in understanding the immune system brought unique insights into pathophysiologic processes in vivo. Here we present a method to achieve multiplexed dynamic intravital two-photon imaging by using a synergistic strategy combining a spectrally broad range of fluorophore emissions, a wave-mixing concept for simultaneous excitation of all targeted fluorophores, and an effective unmixing algorithm based on the calculation of spectral similarities with previously acquired fluorophore fingerprints. Our unmixing algorithm allows us to distinguish 7 fluorophore signals corresponding to various cellular and tissue compartments by using only four detector channels.
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