CD103-CD23+ classical hairy cell leukemia: A case report and review of the literature [corrected]
Hong-Li Zhao1, Hong-Hua Cui, Li-Fang Jin
1Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Insights
This case report details hairy cell leukemia (HCL) with an atypical immunophenotype. Treatment with cladribine and rituximab achieved complete remission, highlighting effective therapeutic strategies for this rare leukemia.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Immunophenotyping
Background:
- Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia.
- Understanding atypical immunophenotypes is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Observation:
- A 58-year-old woman presented with fatigue.
- Peripheral blood and bone marrow smears revealed abnormal lymphocytes.
Findings:
- The patient's lymphocytes were positive for CD11c, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD25, CD123, CD200, and Kappa, with partial CD23 expression and negative CD103.
- BRAF V600E mutation was detected.
- Treatment with cladribine and rituximab resulted in complete remission with minimal residual disease negativity.
Implications:
- This case highlights an atypical immunophenotype in hairy cell leukemia.
- Accurate diagnosis requires integrating clinical, immunophenotypic, and genetic data.
- Purine nucleoside analogs combined with targeted therapies offer effective treatment options for HCL.
Introduction:
This case report is presented to improve our understanding of the atypical immunophenotype of hairy cell leukemia.
Patient Concerns:
A 58-year-old woman presented to our department with fatigue for >10 days.
Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with an increased proportion of abnormal lymphocytes in peripheral blood and bone marrow smear, positive for CD11c, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD25, CD123, CD200, and Kappa, partial expression of CD23, but no expression of CD103, positive for BRAF V600E mutation.
Interventions And Outcomes:
Cladribine combined with rituximab achieved complete remission of minor residual disease negativity.
Conclusion:
Hairy cell leukemia is rare, and the diagnosis and differential diagnosis should be made by combining the patient's medical history, clinical manifestations, immunophenotype, gene detection, and other means. Purine nucleoside analogs are the first-line treatments.
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