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[Dynamic changes and effects of IL-10 secretion B cells during the progression of HIV-1/SIV disease]

Benbo Liu1, Mingliang Zhao2, Mingxu Zhang3

  • 1College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali 671000; Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.

Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Cellular and Molecular Immunology
|May 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

In SIV-infected macaques, B10 cells increase but correlate with disease progression in chronic phases. These IL-10 secreting B cells show complex dynamics influencing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome advancement.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Primate Models

Background:

  • Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in Rhesus macaques models human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
  • Interleukin-10 (IL-10) secreting B cells (B10 cells) play a role in immune regulation.
  • Understanding B10 cell dynamics is crucial for developing therapies against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic changes of IL-10 secreting B cells (B10 cells) during SIVmac239 infection in Rhesus macaques.
  • To determine the effect of B10 cells on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome progression.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to quantify T lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+), B cells, and B10 cell ratios, along with activation markers (HLA-DR, ki67).
  • Real-time quantitative PCR assessed SIV RNA levels and mRNA expression of IL-10, TNF-α, and IL-6.
  • Correlation analyses were performed to link B10 cell dynamics with disease progression indicators.

Main Results:

  • SIV infection reduced B cell numbers but increased B cell activation and proliferation, alongside an elevated B10 cell ratio.
  • In the acute phase, no significant correlation was found between B10 cell ratio and immune indicators or viral load.
  • In the chronic phase, B10 cell ratio negatively correlated with immune indicators but positively correlated with SIV RNA levels, indicating uncontrolled viral replication.

Conclusions:

  • B10 cells exhibit dynamic changes during SIV infection, with increased ratios observed in Rhesus macaques.
  • In the chronic phase, B10 cells appear to contribute to accelerated disease progression by potentially inhibiting inflammation while CD4+ T cell loss occurs, leading to uncontrolled viral replication.

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