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Application of Immunohistochemistry in Cytology

Yan Shi1, Melissa Yee-Chang1, Shan-Rong Shi2

  • 1Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY.

Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology : AIMM
|February 2, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) in cytopathology is challenging due to complex preparations. This review discusses optimizing cell block preparation and using antigen retrieval for non-FFPE specimens to improve IHC standardization.

Area of Science:

  • Cytopathology
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has transformed cytopathology practice.
  • Performing IHC on cytology specimens presents challenges due to preparation complexity and limited material.

Approach:

  • This review focuses on optimizing formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cell block (CB) preparation for IHC.
  • It also explores the use of various cytology specimens with Antigen Retrieval (AR) for successful IHC staining.
  • The role of positive controls and AR in standardizing IHC in cytology is also discussed.

Key Points:

  • FFPE cell blocks are optimal for IHC in cytopathology.
  • Antigen Retrieval (AR) enables successful IHC on non-formalin-fixed cytology specimens.
  • Standardization of IHC in cytology relies on AR and appropriate controls.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing cell block preparation and employing AR techniques are crucial for reliable IHC in cytopathology.
  • Standardized IHC protocols enhance diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility in cytopathology.
  • Further research into AR and control strategies will advance IHC applications in cytology.

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