Transcriptome Analysis of Bovine Macrophages (BoMac) Cells after Infection with Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus
Marzena Rola-Łuszczak1,2, Magdalena Materniak-Kornas1,2, Piotr Kubiś1
1Department of Biochemistry, Puławy Poland.
Insights
This study reveals how bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) impacts cattle immune responses. BIV infection alters gene expression in bovine macrophages, affecting key immune pathways and reducing inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Immunology
- Molecular Virology
- Bovine Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) is globally prevalent in cattle.
- The precise effects of BIV infection on host immune functions remain incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the molecular mechanisms of BIV infection in bovine immune cells.
- To characterize changes in gene expression and immune signaling pathways following BIV exposure.
Main Methods:
- Transcriptome analysis using BLOPlus bovine microarrays on BIV-infected BoMac cells.
- Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes via Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA).
Main Results:
- Over 1,300 unique genes showed altered expression, with 718 upregulated and 597 downregulated.
- Immune response pathways, including leukocyte extravasation signaling and IL-15 production, were significantly affected.
- BIV infection led to a decrease in the overall inflammatory response.
Conclusions:
- This research provides the first microarray-based analysis of gene expression changes in bovine macrophages infected with BIV.
- The findings elucidate how BIV modulates gene expression and immune signaling pathways, offering insights into viral pathogenesis.
Introduction:
Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) is found worldwide in cattle under natural conditions. However, the effect of BIV infection on immune functions has not been fully characterised.
Material And Methods:
Transcriptome analysis of BoMac cells after in vitro infection with BIV was performed using BLOPlus bovine microarrays. Genes identified as differentially expressed were subjected to functional analysis with the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software (IPA).
Results:
Out of 1,743 genes with altered expression, 1,315 were mapped as unique molecules. In total, 718 genes were identified as upregulated and 597 genes as downregulated. Differentially expressed genes were involved in 16 pathways related to immune response. The most enriched canonical pathway was leukocyte extravasation signalling. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) production was indicated as the most activated pathway and the 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4) signalling pathway was the most inhibited one. In addition, the study showed that the inflammatory response was decreased during BIV infection.
Conclusion:
This is the first report to describe the microarray analysis of changes in gene expression upon BIV infection of bovine macrophages. Our data indicated how BIV influences the expression of genes and signalling pathways engaged in the immune response.
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